tional.
The report says that
trade in what it calls tools of torture is flourishing, with 130 Chinese
companies engaged in the production and trade of potentially dangerous
law enforcement equipment, compared with 28 companies a decade ago.
Most of the companies
highlighted in the report are state owned, the report said, and openly
promote their products at international trade shows and online.
While some of the
equipment such as tear gas, handcuffs and plastic bullets has legitimate
policing uses, Amnesty says many of the devices marketed by these
companies are intrinsically cruel and inhumane and should be banned
immediately.
China's Ministry of Commerce did not immediately respond to a call for comment.
"Chinese authorities have
done nothing to stop companies supplying these sickening devices for
export or to prevent policing equipment falling into the hands of known
human rights abusers," said Patrick Wilcken, security trade and human
rights researcher at Amnesty International.
The report, co-authored with the Omega Research Foundation calls on China to immediately ban the production and trade of inherently cruel and abusive equipment.
It also urged Beijing to
suspend or deny trade license for the supply of equipment when there is
a substantial risk that the equipment will be used to commit or
facilitate serious human rights abuses.
Amnesty said the global
trade in law enforcement equipment is poorly controlled and China is not
alone in its failure to regulate the supply of law enforcement
equipment to countries where there is a clear risk that it will be
misused. It added that all countries should heed the report's
recommendations.
As many as 29 Chinese
companies make electric stun batons that allow security officials to
apply painful multiple shocks to sensitive areas of the body such as the
groin without leaving long-lasting physical traces. A greater number of
companies make restraint devices such as weighted leg cuffs.
Spiked batons have been
exported to security forces in Nepal and Thailand and have been
reportedly used by police in Cambodia, while Chinese made electric shock
batons are being carried by police in Ghana, Senegal, Egypt and
Madagascar, the report said.
Another example
highlighted shows how Chinese-made riot control equipment was used to
suppress protests against the rising cost of living in Uganda, killing
at least 33.
"China's flawed export system has allowed the trade in torture and repression to prosper," Wilcken said.
The report also
documents how electric shock batons, mechanical restraints and other
devices are widely used in detention centers throughout China.
One practitioner of banned Falun Gong spiritual movement told Amnesty how she was tortured with an electric baton on her face:
"It's a kind of torture the police call 'bengbao popcorn' because your face splits open and looks like popped corn."
